chéng shì / de / dì miàn / yìng huà / huì / jiǎn shǎo / yǔ shuǐ / xià shèn / cóng ér / zēng jiā / jìng liú城市的地面硬化会减少雨水下渗,从而增加径流。Urban ground hardening reduces rainwater infiltration, thus increasing runoff.